Evaluation of Soft Tissue Profile Change Following Bi-maxillary Surgery in Dento-skeletal Class III by Photogrammetric Analysis
Andrea Torroni
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Giulio Gasparini *
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Alessandro Moro
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Gianmarco Saponaro
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Enrico Foresta
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Paolo De Angelis
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Daniele Cervelli
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Camillo Azzuni
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Roberto Boniello
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Luca Pallottini
School of Orthodontics, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Anna Borelli
School of Orthodontics, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Giulia Jafari
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
Sandro Pelo
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Roberto Deli
School of Orthodontics, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Giuliana Longo
U.O.C. Maxillo Facial Surgery, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
3D analysis allows for simulation of orthognathic surgery and prediction of aesthetic and functional outcomes. Our study aims to find common and repeatable parameters on the behaviour of soft tissues following bone movement by pre- and post-treatment by photogrammetric analysis. Three representative patients who underwent bimaxillary surgery of advancement/retrusion of the jaws for correction of class III dento-skeletal malformation were presented. By overlapping pre-operative and post-operative 3D photos we obtained colour and millimetric maps that allowed the objective appreciation of facial soft tissues modification in all planes of the space after orthognathic surgery. The study disclosed interesting insight into the soft tissue behaviour following orthognathic surgery and highlighted the possibility to draw reliable dissipation curves of facial skin after orthognathic surgery. This study also provided the base for future development of 3D images analysis (3D VTO) to plan and predict aesthetic outcomes of patients with dento-skeletal malformation.
Keywords: Dento-skeletal malformation, orthognatic surgery, preoperative planning, soft tissue behaviour; tri-dimensional analysis, photogrammetry