A Comprehensive Review of Ligaplants: Biological Revolution in Dental Implantology

Gunjan Sunil Kumar *

Government Dental College and Hospital, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Ghati Hospital Campus, Panchakki Road, Maharashtra -431001, India.

Kishor Mahale

Government Dental College and Hospital, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Ghati Hospital Campus, Panchakki Road, Maharashtra -431001, India.

Smita Khalikar

Government Dental College and Hospital, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Ghati Hospital Campus, Panchakki Road, Maharashtra -431001, India.

Vilas Rajguru

Government Dental College and Hospital, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Ghati Hospital Campus, Panchakki Road, Maharashtra -431001, India.

Sonali Mahajan

Government Dental College and Hospital, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Ghati Hospital Campus, Panchakki Road, Maharashtra -431001, India.

Ulhas Tandale

Government Dental College and Hospital, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Ghati Hospital Campus, Panchakki Road, Maharashtra -431001, India.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

Conventional endosseous dental implants rely on osseointegration to achieve anchorage. Although clinically successful, they inherently lack a functional periodontal ligament (PDL), which in natural dentition provides shock absorption, proprioception, adaptive mobility and a dynamic soft‐tissue and bone interface. The concept of a “ligaplant,” defined as a tissue‐engineered implant incorporating PDL stem or progenitor cells (or PDL‐like scaffolds) around a biomaterial fixture, offers a promising biomimetic alternative. This review presents the biological rationale for PDL integration, surveys current methodologies for ligaplant fabrication, summarises pre-clinical and emerging clinical evidence, discusses advantages and barriers, and outlines future translational pathways. While animal and in-vitro studies demonstrate formation of PDL‐like fibres, cementum‐like tissue and mechanical behaviour closer to natural teeth, the technique remains largely experimental with limited human data. Rigorous translational research, standardisation of cell‐scaffold constructs, and long-term clinical trials are required to validate ligaplants as a clinically viable alternative to conventional implants.

Keywords: Ligaplant, periodontal ligament, tissue engineering, dental implants, biomimetic implant, PDL stem cells


How to Cite

Kumar, Gunjan Sunil, Kishor Mahale, Smita Khalikar, Vilas Rajguru, Sonali Mahajan, and Ulhas Tandale. 2026. “A Comprehensive Review of Ligaplants: Biological Revolution in Dental Implantology”. Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 38 (3):134-44. https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2026/v38i36098.

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