Knowledge and Perception towards Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Primary Health Care Facilities in Esan West and Esan Central Local Government Areas in Edo State, Nigeria
Enodegbe J. Immaculate
*
Department of Internal Medicine, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria.
Okonkwo Chibuzor S.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Aigbovbiosa O. Daniel
Department of Oncology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
Emakhu O. Endurance
Department of Surgery, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria.
Egwowa Elo-Oghene M.
Department of Internal Medicine, Lily Hospitals Limited, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
Akhigbe Mabel O.
Department of Internal Medicine, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria.
Okolie C. Obinna
Department of Internal Medicine, Patricare Specialist Hospital, Portharcourt, Nigeria.
Egogo A. Osemekhian
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Uzoma Victory I.
Department of Community Medicine, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria.
Esezobor O. Doris
Department of Internal Medicine, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria.
Uwakwe J. Arinze
Department of Hematology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria.
Nwodo C. Lovette
Department of Internal Medicine, Godfrey Okoye University Teaching Hospital, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Iyere O. Onome
Department of Internal Medicine, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria.
Aideloje O. Cynthia
Department of Internal Medicine, Mainland Hospital, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Orakwe T. Alvin
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mehscope Hospital and Fertility Centre, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria.
Akhaine J. Precious
Department of Surgery, Edo Specialist Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is diagnosed by elevated blood glucose in pregnancy though the definition has changed repeatedly over the years. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. The common risk factors of GDM include previous obstetric history of GDM, history of large for gestational age babies, abortions and unexplained stillbirths in the previous pregnancies and family history of both GDM and Type 2DM.
Objectives: This study will therefore play a major role in determining the knowledge, risk perception and dietary practices among pregnant women with diabetes.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was employed for this research. Using a multistage sampling technique, a two -stage sampling method was used in choosing Primary Health Care Centers in each Local Government Area. Using Cochrane for sample size estimation, calculated sample size of 403 was gotten from the Primary Health Care Centers. Data was collected using standardized questionnaire. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23.0 software for descriptive statistics.
Results: In this study, it was seen that many of the women 72.5% were in the age bracket of 21-30 and this was statistically significant with knowledge as p=0.001 which signifies the peak reproductive age for women. Relationship between knowledge and occupation was also seen to be significant as most women were observed to have job which were proportionate to tertiary level of education p=0.001. It was seen that many participants demonstrated good knowledge (88.3%). Furthermore, good attitude was seen amongst 88% of the participants with a significant value (0.001 as p<0.05) seen in the relationship between occupation, age and knowledge. There was also good correlation between knowledge and attitude as many respondents who displayed good knowledge also showed good attitude.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that most women that attend Antenatal Care demonstrated good knowledge and attitude towards GDM in pregnancy.
Keywords: Gestational, Diabetes mellitus, antenatal, pregnancy, primary health care