Histological Response and Bone Neoformation of Bioceramic Cements in Rat Calvaria
Ravel Bezerra Brasileiro
*
Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Paulo Picanço College (FPP), Dionísio Torres, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Edgar Pereira Carreiro Junior
Santa Maria University Center (UNIFSM), Cajazeiras, Paraíba, Brazil.
Zildenilson da Silva Sousa
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Edson Queiroz, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Eduardo Diogo Gurgel-Filho *
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Edson Queiroz, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Fabio de Almeida-Gomes
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Edson Queiroz, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Roberta Barroso Cavalcante
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Edson Queiroz, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: This study evaluated the level of inflammatory infiltrate, vasodilation, granulation tissue, and bone regeneration of two repair materials: White MTA (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) and Bio-C Repair (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) in rat calvaria.
Study Design: This is an in vivo study with a sample of adult Wistar rats, approximately three months old and weighing between 250 and 300 grams.
Place and Duration of Study: The selected analysis periods were 7, 30, and 60 days, corresponding to the following divisions: Group 1 (7 days): 5 rats; Group 2 (30 days): 5 rats; Group 3 (60 days): 5 rats.
Methodology: A total of 15 Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n=5) based on the euthanasia period (G7, G30, and G60 days). After sedation, two bone defects, approximately 1.5 mm in depth and 5 mm in diameter, were created in the calvaria of each animal. After euthanasia, the calvaria were removed, histologically prepared in 6 µm sections, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H/E). The material was quantitatively analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), adopting a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05).
Results: At 7 days, both materials showed an acute inflammatory response. After 30 days, there was a reduction in the inflammatory process in both bioceramics cements. At 60 days, both White MTA and Bio C Repair did not induce severe inflammation. During this period, Bio C Repair showed greater bone tissue formation, with inflammatory infiltrate levels at 60 days being equivalent between the two materials.
Conclusion: Both bioceramics cements preserved the integrity of the bone tissue and stimulated bone neoformation.
Keywords: Dental cements, skull, biocompatible materials, bone regeneration, material testing