The Clinical Presentations and Endothelial Cell Analyses after Intra- Stromal Ring Implantation: A Systematic Review of Literature
Igor Jordan Barbosa Coutinho
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
José Jesu Sisnando D’Araújo Filho
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Eduardo Henrique Herbster Gouveia
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Bruno Eduardo Silva de Oliveira
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Evelly Christinne da Silva Moraes
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Camilla Castilho Maia
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Paulo Armando Miranda Rosa da Silva
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Maria Isabel Muniz Zemero
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Déborah Silva Nunes
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Ryan Jorge Amorim
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Kylza Beatriz Souza de Oliveira
Pará University Center, Brazil.
Vitor Hugo Auzier Lima
*
Department of Biotechnology, Paulista University, Brazil and Independent Researcher, ONE Company, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Intrastromal ring implantation has been an important therapeutic option for various corneal refractive disorders. In this study, a systematic review of the literature was carried out with the aim of understanding the clinical panorama and changes in endothelial cells following this procedure. It was considered relevant to explore the diversity of perspectives and approaches presented by existing studies, as well as to highlight gaps in knowledge to guide future research. To this end, a comprehensive search strategy in electronic databases was used to identify relevant studies published to date. The inclusion criteria were carefully applied to select articles that specifically addressed the topic in question. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data extracted from the included studies was carried out, seeking to identify patterns and trends in the clinical outlook and in the analyses of endothelial cells following intra- stromal ring implantation. The analysis of the included studies revealed a variety of findings related to the clinical panorama after intrastromal ring implantation. A correlation was observed between the clinical effects observed and the changes in endothelial cells, although the long-term stability of these results still requires further investigation. In addition, a relationship was identified between preoperative parameters and post-implant visual acuity, highlighting the importance of carefully evaluating these aspects when selecting candidates for the procedure. From this we can conclude that this systematic review of the literature has provided a comprehensive overview of clinical and endothelial cell analyses following intrastromal ring implantation. The results highlight the complexity of this area of research and point to the ongoing need for research to improve the understanding, application and optimization of already consolidated and innovative therapeutic measures in this field.
Keywords: Intra-stromal ring implantation, intrastromal ring, ophthalmology, keratoconus