Association between Comorbidities and Subtypes of Temporomandibular Dysfunction: An Observational Study
Luciana e Silva Nobre
São Leopoldo Mandic College of Dentistry, Orofacial Pain Laboratory, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Luciane Lacerda Franco Rocha Rodrigues
São Leopoldo Mandic College of Dentistry, Orofacial Pain Laboratory, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Thiago Bezerra Leite *
Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing College, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil and Leão Sampaio University Center, Juazeiro Do Norte, Brazil.
Ana Eugênia Sousa Campos
São Leopoldo Mandic College of Dentistry, Orofacial Pain Laboratory, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Emmanuel Arraes de Alencar Júnior
Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing College, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
Anelise Luna de Carvalho
São Leopoldo Mandic College of Dentistry, Orofacial Pain Laboratory, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Gabriel Braga da Veiga Pessoa
Federal University of Rondonia, Porto Velho, Brazil.
Catiana Secundino Ralin de Araújo
Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing College, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
António Sérgio Guimarães
São Leopoldo Mandic College of Dentistry, Orofacial Pain Laboratory, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has an important relationship with a compromised general health status, which is why the present study evaluated the presence of comorbidities in individuals diagnosed with TMD, identifying the TMD subtype, whether muscle and/or joint, and verifying the most frequent comorbidities related to TMD subtypes, relating them to human body systems.
Materials and Methods: We selected 270 individuals in the city of Fortaleza/CE, aged between 18 and 70 years old. The individuals were evaluated using the DC/TMD instrument. In addition, a questionnaire to quantify comorbidities was applied.
Results: Regarding the subtype of TMD in the sample under study, it was observed that the most prevalent was muscle/joint (53.3%; n = 144), followed by muscle (46.3%; n = 125) and last to articulate (0.4%; n = 1). No important correlations were identified (p > 0.05) when we compared TMD subtypes with gender and age variables. When asked about the presence of diseases, it was shown that the nervous system (n = 89; 33%) and sensory (n = 84; 31.1%) were the ones with the highest prevalence among comorbidities.
Conclusion: all TMD subtypes were found in the sample, predominantly mixed TMD. Several comorbidities were found, especially in the nervous and sensory systems. No correlations were found between the presence of comorbidities and gender or age.
Keywords: Comorbidity, diagnosis, temporomandibular joint disorders