Utility of Brain Natriuretic Peptide as a Biomarker for Early Detection of Preeclampsia among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in a Secondary Health Facility in Edo State, Nigeria
Atoe K. *
Department of Chemical Pathology, Edo University Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria and Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Phytomedicine and Drug Discovery Research Group, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria and Department of Microbiology, Applied Environmental Biosciences and Public Health Research Group, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Onovughakpo-Sakpa O. E.
Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Idogun E. S.
Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Ande A. B. A.
Department of Obstetric and Gaenecology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Onyeneke E. C.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Omozuwa E. S.
Department of Obstetric and Gaenecology, Edo University Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria.
Ayinboumwan E.
Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The aim was to determine the suitability of brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker for early detection of preeclampsia
Study Design: This was a prospective case-control research.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital Benin, from November 2014 – December 2017.
Methodology: The study involved 248 women who were organized into two groups; a preeclampsia group and a normotensive, normal pregnant group. Patients with a history of cardiovascular illness, renal disease, diabetes, thyroid disease, hepatic disease, or any other connected conditions, including urinary tract infections, were not eligible. Participants in the study underwent a single antecubital venipuncture, during which 5ml of venous blood was taken using a sterile disposable syringe. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of plasma brain natriuretic peptides.
Results: The area under the curve (AUC) of BNP fluctuated across trimesters, reaching 87.1% in the second and 70.5% in the third (p 0.05). Sensitivity ranged from 80.0% in the second trimester to 79.1% in the third, but was 100% in the postpartum period for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and negative predictive value. Reference values for BNP as a yardstick for questioning preeclampsia were determined to be 395.56 pg/ml at the start of the second trimester and 438.81 pg/ml at the end of the third trimester, with sensitivities and specificities all above 75%.
Conclusion:BNP can be relied upon as a diagnostic biomarker for predicting preeclampsia.
Keywords: Hypertension, risk assessment, pregnancy induced hypertension, preeclampsia