The Use of Unconventional Substances and Tools in Narghile Smoking; a Pilot Study in Jordan
Najla S. Dar-Odeh *
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Mohammad M. Beyari
Faculty of Dentistry, Umm-Alqura University, Makkah, KSA.
Mariam Al-Abdalla
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Mohammad H. Al-Shayab
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Wakas S. Abdulrazzaq
Intern, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
Shadi Jarar
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Malek Al-Issa
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Osama A. Abu-Hammad
Faculty of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madina, KSA.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: Narghile smoking may be associated with a number of unconventional practices that need to be thoroughly investigated for their potential health problems. We investigated the prevalence and pattern of unconventional practices related to narghile smoking including the use of medications, fruits, and alcohol, among a sample of café patrons.
Place and Duration of Study: A few cafés at Amman, Jordan during July 2011.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional survey whereby a pre-prepared questionnaire was distributed to a sample of café patrons. Questionnaire included demographic information, history of tobacco use, pattern of narghile smoking including unconventional practices and lastly health awareness and attitudes towards cessation.
Results: Out of 96 café patrons, 61 (63.5%) agreed to participate with 42 males and 19 females. Age range was 16-64 years (mean=27.5±9.2). About 47.5% used fruits as the narghile head and 16.4% used fruits as water tank. Equal proportions (9.5%) of the sample added either milk/soft drinks to tank or added drugs to tobacco mix or the liquid contents of the tank.
Conclusion: Narghile smoking may be associated with unconventional practices like the use of psychoactive drugs and alcohol. Further research is needed to explore the reasons behind this trend, and the associated potential health hazards.
Keywords: Narghile, alcohol, psychoactive, fruits.