Microbiological Profile and the Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Endotracheal tube tip Culture/ Endotracheal Aspirates of Mechanically Ventilated Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kashmir Valley: A Cross Sectional Study
Omar Rashid
Department of Microbiology, SKIMS Medical college, Bemina, Srinagar, India.
Jalila Qayoom
Department of Microbiology, SKIMS Medical college, Bemina, Srinagar, India.
Syed Khurshid *
Department of Microbiology, SKIMS Medical college, Bemina, Srinagar, India.
Rubhana Qadri
Department of Microbiology,SKIMS Medical college, BEMINA, Srinagar, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Respiratory infections are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among mechanically ventilated patients. Early diagnosis and prompt institution of appropriate antibiotics play a pivotal role in the management, for which knowing the microbiological profile and the anti-microbial drug susceptibility pattern becomes inevitable. The current study was aimed to study the same.
Objectives: To determine the microbial etiology in endotracheal tip/tracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients and study their antimicrobial resistance patterns.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of microbiology, SKIMS, MCH BEMINA for 1 year. Endotracheal tube tip/ aspirate cultures of patients were processed by standard methods and their anti-microbial susceptibility patterns studied.
Results: Out of 63 samples, 53 (84.1%) were positive. Gram negative bacteria 42 (72.9%) were the predominant bacterial isolates. Acinetobacter showed resistance to all antibiotics barring Colistin, tigicycline and polymixin-b. While klebsiella was multidrug resistant, pseudomonas and E.coli were mostly sensitive. MRSA showed high resistance except to vancomycin and linezolid.
Conclusions: Acinetobacter and klebsiella species were the predominant isolates with high resistance to most of the antibiotics.
Keywords: Endotracheal aspirates, mechanically ventilated patients, antibiogram of bacterial isolate, Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, ventilator associated pneumonia