Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Study on the Leaf Extract of Tapinanthus dodoneifolius (Van Teigh) Loranthaceae
M. Mohammed *
National Research Institute for Chemical Technology, P.M.B1052 Zaria, Nigeria.
A. Y. Idris
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
I. Gandu
National Research Institute for Chemical Technology, P.M.B1052 Zaria, Nigeria.
U. M. Tanko
Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria.
A. Muhammad
Department of Basic Science, College of Agriculture and Animal Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Mando Road, Kaduna, Nigeria.
A. A.Adeiza
Department of Animal Health and Husbandary, College of Agriculture and Animal Science, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B. 2134 Mando Road, Kaduna, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Leaves of Tapinanthus dodoneifolius is used as traditional medicine for the treatment of menstrual pain, wound, gonorrhea, and control of diarrhea and dysentery which was extracted by cold maceration in methanol. The concentrated methanol extract was subsequently partitioned with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethylacetate and n-butanol. Agar well Diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activities of the extracts against Staphylococcus aureaus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiela pneumonia, Salmmnella typhi, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, and Candida albican at different concentrations. Antimicrobial sensitivity test indicated that, the extract inhibited the growth of all microorganisms to varying degrees except Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida krusei respectively. The in vitro antimicrobial screening revealed that, the extracts exhibited diverse activities against different microbe’s concentrations ranging from 2.5mg/ml-5mg/ml. The plant extract was found to contain flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins and cardiac glycosides which may be responsible for its antimicrobial properties. The result justifies the traditional use of the plant leaf in the treatment of menstrual pain, sexual transmitted diseases, wounds and control of dysentery and diarrhea.
Keywords: Tapinanthus dodoneifolius, phytochemistry, antimicrobial activity.