Methanolic Leaf Extract of Diospyros chloroxylon Modulates Hepatic Redox Profile and Cell Proliferation in Dimethylamine-treated Rats
G. E. Adeleke
Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
O. T. Adedosu *
Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
O. K. Afolabi
Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
O. O. Arinde
Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
T. M. Oyedokun
Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Dimethylamine (DMA) is a toxicant commonly present in foods, air and water. Diospyros species is a group of plants being reported to contain several bioactive agents. The study was aimed at investigating the biological activities of Diospyros chloroxylon leaf extract (DCLE) on DMA-induced toxicity in liver of Wistar rats. The DMA significantly (p < 0.05) reduced serum Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities by 43.9% and 60.6%, while malondialdehyde (MDA) was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) elevated by 150% compared with controls. Hepatic SOD and catalase activities, and reduced glutathione (GSH) level were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by 49.9%, 32% and 26.3%, respectively, while MDA level was increased by 94.5% in DMA group against controls. The DCLE significantly (p < 0.05) increased SOD and catalase activities, and lowered MDA level in serum and liver against DMA treatment. DNA fragmentation was observed to be significantly elevated by 42.5% in DMA-treated rats compared with controls. Pretreatment with DCLE significantly (p < 0.05) lowered DNA fragmentation in the [DCLE + DMA] group. Histological data reveal that DMA caused periportal cell infiltration in hepatocytes, whereas the control, DCLE and [DCLE + DMA] groups showed no visible lesion. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of CD34 showed a strong expression in DMA group, while DCLE + DMA] showed a moderate expression. This study thus suggests that methanolic leaf extract of Diospyros chloroxylon ameliorates oxidative stress, DNA damage and cell proliferation in liver of rats treated with Dimethylamine.
Keywords: Dimethylamine, Diospyros chloroxylon, redox profile, DNA damage, cell proliferation