Cardiovascular and Respiratory Responses of Apparently Healthy Participants to Cervical Traction in Sitting Position Using Different Weights
Afamefuna Victor Egwuonwu *
Department of Human Kinetics and Ergonomics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa.
Cynthia Okonkwo
Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye
Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Antoninus Obinna Ezeukwu
Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Charles Ikechukwu Ezema
Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cervical Traction (CT) is a vital physiotherapeutic modality in the management of cervical musculoskeletal disorders. This study determined the cardio-respiratory responses to CT using different percentage body weights on Apparently Healthy Individuals (AHI).
Materials and Methods: 163 consecutively recruited AHI that met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned into three groups (A, B and C) that were subjected to CT weights of 7.5%, 10% and 15% of their total body weights respectively. Participants’ systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, Pulse Rate (PR), Respiratory Rate (RR) and Inspiratory Capacity (IC) was recorded before and after traction. The side-effects reported by participants during and after traction were also recorded using a previously validated 8- item self-administered questionnaire.
Data was analyzed using Paired t-test, Independent t-test, Chi square test and One-way ANOVA.
Results: IC and PR significantly changed across the three groups post-traction. RR significantly changed in groups B and C post-traction but not in group A. SBP and DBP showed no significant differences in any of the group post-traction. The participant’s side effects of pain in the neck or arm, dizziness and shortness of breath were found to be significantly associated with cervical traction across the three groups, (p < 0.05; CI=0.00-0.00).
Conclusion: CT alters the cardiovascular and respiratory system leading to side effects that increase with increased traction weight. Use of a minimum weight for CT is recommended.
Keywords: Cervical-traction, cardiovascular, respiratory, responses