Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among 16-21 Years Urban Cameroonian Using NCEP ATPIII and IDF Criteria
M. C. Ngo-Song
Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Po Box 8418, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
B. G. AzantsaKingue
Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Po Box 8418, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O: 63 Buea, Cameroon.
P. C. Fouejeu-Wamba
Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Po Box 8418, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
P. J. Abega-Ebene
Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Po Box 8418, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
J. L. Ngondi *
Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Po Box 8418, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
J. E. Oben
Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Po Box 8418, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: The metabolic syndrome is a common metabolic disorder associated to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity.
Aims: To assess the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among 16-21 years Cameroonian adolescents and analyzed the influence of age, gender and weight status.
Study Design: This was a cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of study: Commercial High school of Yaoundé, between January and May 2012.
Methods: MetS was defined according to United States (US) adapted pediatric criteria and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. A cross sectional study was set to collect data from 1765 adolescents (59.1% girls).
Results: Using the US criteria, the prevalence of MetS was 20.3%, while IDF criteria showed a lower prevalence of 15.3%. Girls were at greater risk for MetS (US 25.0% and IDF 23.4%) compared to boys (US 15.0% and IDF 6.1%). The prevalence of MetS was elevated in elder adolescents (US 22.4% and IDF 18.9%) as compared to youngster (US 14.9% and IDF 5.9%). Overweight adolescents (BMI≥25kg/m2) were more exposed to MetS (US 25.5% and IDF 26.7%) than normal weight (US 17.4% and IDF 9.0%). MetS prevalence itself varied markedly according to criteria used. Both US and IDF criteria, showed highest rate of low HDL (US 55.0% and IDF 49.3%) and elevated blood pressure (US 28.8% and IDF 27.0%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of MetS among our study population was high especially in girls and overweight adolescents. Individual MetS abnormalities are common in adolescents, further studies are needed to draw a more precise picture of the situation in order to better target interventions to improve future cardiovascular health.
Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, overweight, adolescent, gender, Cameroon